Parque Nacional Chapada Diamantina

The Chapada Diamantina (Diamond Highlands) in Central Bahia was once famous for its precious gems, but it's now recognized one of the country's best spots for ecotourism. In this chain of mountain ranges with an average altitude of 3,000 feet you'll find historic mining towns, rivers, and creeks with natural pools and waterfalls, and the largest number of caves in any part of Brazil.