Almost all long-distance trains arrive and depart from Estació de Sants. En route to or from Sants, some trains stop at another station on Passeig de Gràcia at Carrer Aragó; this can be a good way to avoid the long lines that form at Sants during holidays. The Estació de França, near the port, now handles only a few long-distance trains within Spain. For schedules and fares, call RENFE. While overnight train travel is convenient, time-efficient, and easy if you like to sleep on trains, beware: unless you have a fairly pricey compartment for two (or four), you will be packed in with strangers in a four-person compartment with windows that do not open and often suffocating heat. The air shuttle (or a scheduled flight) between Madrid and Barcelona can, if all goes well, get you door to door in under three hours for only about EUR 40 more.
RENFE (902/240202). Estació de França (Av. Marquès de l'Argentera s/n, La Ribera). Estació de Sants (Pl. dels Països Catalans s/n, Eixample).