The wooden doors between the inner and outer quadrangles of Balliol (founded 1263) still bear scorch marks from 1555 and 1556, when during the reign of Mary ("Bloody Mary"), Bishops Latimer and Ridley and Archbishop Cranmer were burned alive on huge pyres in Broad Street for their Protestant beliefs. A cross on the roadway marks the spot. The Martyrs' Memorial at St. Giles and Beaumont Street also commemorates the three men.
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